Inconsistent application of rules may also increase rule deviation (Borry et al. d. Charles H. Cooley, A(n) __________ is an abstract model that describes the recurring characteristics of some phenomenon (such as bureaucracy). Thus, the goal of this article is to consider bureaucracy through the perspective of human rights, focusing on the first aspect, discussing how human rights enter public organizations with regards to the organizationemployee relationship. a. Thus, written rules may not end up in consistent compliance, and they, and resulting behaviors, may not be compatible with the human rights principles of nondiscrimination, transparency and accountability, access, and agency by underrepresented groups. c. secondary group These examples illustrate __________ in a bureaucratic organization. In the early 1980s, there was a movement in the u.s. to humanize Ferdinand Tnnies used the term __________ to characterize a traditional society in which social relationships are based on personal bonds of friendship and kinship and on intergenerational stability. Borry, E. L., H. Getha-Taylor, and M. H. Holmes. b. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory. Notably, red tape can be created (red tape at the start) or evolved (becomes red tape over time) (Bozeman 2000), though is it important to be clear that formalization and red tape are not the same. c. Postmodern theorists Appropriate emotions for a given role or situation, Answer: B. b. formal b. subjects chose to conform to the incorrect responses of Asch's assistants over onehalf (50 percent) of the time a. He is refused shelter for the night because he arrived late. Maynard-Moody and Musheno (2003) find that street-level bureaucrats who had a favorable view of a client may bend rules to help them as much as they can, whereas when they held a negative view of a client, they may decline to apply rules, or apply those that do the bare minimum or disadvantage clients. b. Further, research on street-level bureaucracy and administrative burdens suggests that rules may be applied or bent to both benefit or disadvantage clients. Cody feels very antagonistic toward the Bloods and Satan's Slaves. a. ___________ refers to a violation of law or the commission of a status offense (such as cutting school or running away from home) by young people. Access: A HRBA prescribes equal access to resources and information. A bureaucracy works when its operations are, at every point, made predictable. Adler and Borys (1996) posit that bureaucracy can be enabling or coercive, where enabling bureaucracy may include features such as flexible procedures that allow room for discretion (and risk) and the development of procedures that reflect work experience. division of labor aggregate b. Currently, the interest rate on one-year Treasury bonds is 2.22.22.2 percent, the rate on two-year Treasury bonds is 3.03.03.0 percent, and the rate on three-year Treasury bonds is 3.63.63.6 percent. Bureaucratic personality refers to_____________________________. c. transition A. The discovery of feral children is important because they show the relevance of: The ______ is the most important agent of socialization in all societies. Relative succumbing to group pressure is less common than many people would like to believe 25 UDHR). a. For instance, realization of the right to work may depend, in certain circumstances, on realization of the right to education or the right to information. We argue that bureaucracy theory should be reassessed through the lens of human rights because bureaucracies are made up of humans and because they serve individuals who also have human rights. Joaquin is a member of a group working on a project for his biology class. A new measure of red tape: introducing the three-item red tape (TIRT) scale. The Relationship between the Bureaucracy and the Public. The teacher is using a(n) _________ leadership style. b. normative d. normative, __________ size refers to the number of potential members a group has. psychological detachment among members c. totalitarian Green tape, by virtue of being written and having understood purposes help to empower people and all of these helps increase transparency and accountability. Not only did Weber worry about this iron cagean overemphasis on technical efficiency and rationality that leads to dehumanization and in which humans are trappedhe also worried about domination, or a concentration of power at the top (Weiss 1983). formal organization The psychological process view of bureaucratic red tape. We trace two areas of bureaucracy theory that are widely found in public organizationsmerit and neutrality, and rulesthrough the lens of the HRBA. the degree of social cohesion felt by participants is very important regarding how individuals respond to group pressure, According to sociologist George Ritzer, __________ refers to a world of no surprises. Instrumental needs law and education, a. special interest groups b. the power elite. Using a human rights-based approach, we seek to understand Webers bureaucracy through the lens of human rights, and offer suggestions for how to structure organizations that are fair, equitable, and oriented around the human condition. That is why in societies like ours, it has become customary for people to seek the help of patrons even when they dont really need one. Part of the movement to humanize bureaucracy includes. a. d. the power elite, Which of these is an example of a coalition? The focus on technical proficiency and specialization from a structural standpoint has human rights implications, as well. social group within bureaucracy, this is an example of __________. In this scenario, Katys college sorority is an example of a(n) __________. Applying the terms for problems that are frequent within bureaucracy, this is an example of __________, Political scientists summarized the key elements of pluralism. Part of the movement to humanize bureaucracy includes _____. Quiz Grade 2. Editorial. A homeless man appears at the door of a shelter 10 minutes after the deadline for intake. Expressive He talks effusively about the kindness of the average Filipino, and the relaxed atmosphere he finds in almost every community he visits. 1968), can thus reduce employees decision-making power. Green tape theory posits that effective rules are those that are written, have a logical means-ends relationship, are applied consistently, are optimally controlling, and have purposes that are understood (DeHart-Davis, 2009; 2017). Racialized burdens: Applying racialized organization theory to the administrative state. b. primary group As we showed, research on merit and neutrality in the public sector relates to bureaucracys emphasis on technical proficiency, specialization, and some form of promotion. Here is that letters last paragraph: Amazingclaim submitted, processed, and payment received in one morning. 8. Sociologist Amitai Etzioni classified formal organizations into three categories. The sociologist who first defined the differences between primary and secondary groups is __________., Which of these sociologists first suggested that small groups have interaction patterns that do not exist in larger groups? Most applicable in this regard are the measures presented in Art. Centralization, which is the concentration of decision-making power (Pugh et al. The perspective developed by Erving Goffman that compares everyday life to a theatrical presentation is called. a. c. transitional 6 Within a bureaucracy, leaders have access to information that others in the organ. From the organization perspective, inefficiencies may result, which is not a goal of bureaucracy. a greater emphasis on sharing information. Psychology - The Biological Perspective, Communication - Writing Negative Messages Quiz level 3, Pre Exam Quiz 5; Human Development and Family Studies, Quiz Preview 10/ Psychology - Principles of Social Psychology, Quiz Facts 7' Psychology - Cognitive Functioning, Quiz Lot 2. c. a greater emphasis on sharing ideas and problem-solving approaches. c. Expressive utilitarian Webers bureaucracy has persisted in the public administration literature as a lens through which to analyze organizational structures. c. popular culture. The first thing you can do to try to de-bureaucratize yourself is to recognize that inside of a bureaucratic organization, there's a set of behaviors that we all learn and develop because they get. The taxes (in )andtheassessedvalueofthehouses(in) and the assessed value of the houses (in)andtheassessedvalueofthehouses(inthousands) are recorded and stored in SilverSpring. Please try again. A sample of 30 single-family houses listed for sale in Silver Spring, Maryland, a suburb of Washington, DC, is selected. pvuuu5023 pvuuu5023 04/05/2018 History High School answered expert verified Another example includes bureaucracys emphasis on merit as a driving factor, which not only relates to hiring and retention practices, but also, by extension, organizational performance. a. CEOs. A corporate executive need not be able to program the department's computer system. HRBA has been developed mostly in the context of international development (Broberg and Sano 2018; Cornwall and Nyamu-Musembi 2004; Filmer-Wilson 2005; Uvin 2007) and health (Dyer 2015, Curtice and Exworthy 2010; Gruskin, Bogecho, and Ferguson 2010; Hunt, Ely, and Bustreo 2015; London 2008), but it has become more common to view processes and institutions through a human rights lens in other parts of social science such as social work (Androff 2015; Ife 2012) and psychology (Patel 2019). According to sociologist George Ritzer, __________ refers to a world of no surprises. Accountability and transparency: States and other duty-bearers such as bureaucracies must be transparent about their decision-making processes, actions, and omissions, and put redress mechanisms in place. d. reference group, In discussing primary and secondary groups, the text points out that__________________. d. totalitarian, The research conducted by Stanley Milgram and his colleagues provides evidence that obedience to authority __________. He also loves taking pictures of public facilities that bear signs of chronic neglect, even as he marvels at the endless patience of Filipinos who seem not to notice. b. A(n) __________ is an abstract model that describes the recurring characteristics of some phenomenon (such as bureaucracy). b. social control a. Scientific management, however, held little regard for individuals working in those organizations. Maynard-Moody, S. W., and M. C. Musheno. b. there was a movement to humanize bureaucracy (to establish an . For full access to this pdf, sign in to an existing account, or purchase an annual subscription. Whenever the group meets, other members are easily sidetracked and Latisha is always trying to keep the group focused on the assignment. Subscribe to INQUIRER PLUS to get access to The Philippine Daily Inquirer & other 70+ titles, share up to 5 gadgets, listen to the news, download as early as 4am & share articles on social media. A component of a formal organization that uses rules and hierarchical ranking to achieve efficiency: Which definition describes the term emotional labor? Proctored Mid-Term Examination (Chapters 1 -5)Study Guide - Quizlet c. impersonality aggregate Still, we hear degrading remarks about the Philippines being a Third World country. formal group She, however, follows the norms . We argue that a human- and human rights-centered approach to bureaucracy requires rethinking the way in which we assess bureaucratic outcomes by prioritizing fundamental human rights values, such as nondiscrimination, participation, freedom, access, and inclusion over neoliberal preferences, which in turn impact employee and client well-being and the structure of the organization itself. At the very least, traditions of inquiry to understand public organizations is driven in large part by Webers theory of bureaucracy, and arguably, by default. 21 UDHR). Conflict theorists a. The tendency for a bureaucracy to be ruled by the few is termed. Which of the following concepts is based on the central idea that those who control bureaucracies not only wield power but also have an interest in retaining their power? This model is called a(n) __________. Transitional 16. d. Expressive, In regard to Stanley Milgram's study, the text points out that __________. a. Freedom of association needs to be granted for participation to be successful. Human rights training for employees at all levels and raising awareness for peoples human rights, both in general and specifically relating to their work role, can increase participation and access and raises consciousness for basic human right principles such as nondiscrimination and equality as well as the indivisibility and interdependence of human rights in the organizational context. Here, the concern is whether the employees staffing government agencies are responsive to the clients the employees serve. c. Milgram's subjects knew about the nature of the study but agreed to participate anyway Knowing how well-oiled the Singaporean public state machine is, I, of course, warn him about expecting to find the same level of public service in a country that is far bigger and less rigidly governed than his own. HR/PUB/12/2. d. Symbolic interactionists, A(n) __________ is an alliance created in an attempt to reach a shared objective or goal. a. And yet, it is not uncommon to stumble upon examples of humane and professional public service that pleasantly astound those who have become cynical about dealing with government. Expressive b. In 2010, concern about cost overruns and staying on schedule kept executives of BP, Halliburton, and Transocean from sharing information and concerns with each other. Black or blue: Racial profiling and representative bureaucracy, Merit by any other nameRefraining the civil service first principle. ingroup c. autocratic a. To extend the psychological process model arguments of red tape, this will likely lead to negative impacts on an employees well-being and work experience. impersonal conversations is to ______ group, as personal, emotion-based conversations is to _____ group. Social As we showed in this article, human rights provide a universal benchmark for minimum standards of behavior. 0, A(n) __________ is a collection of two or more people who interact frequently with one another, share a sense of belonging, and have a feeling of interdependence. c. category We argue that a HRBA is useful in centering the values and principles of human rights and individual empowerment as a core value of bureaucratic organization and achievement, and serves as a way to evaluate the human rights affinity of current processes, afford bureaucrats human rights, and give insight on how to reform bureaucracies to make them more favorable to human rights. triad They do not truly consider the actual situation of humans within these organizations, their need, desires, and rights. __________ needs are met by opportunities of self-expression and support from family, friends, and peers. c. 300 It helps identify the most vulnerable and marginalized and allows for inclusion and participation not just on the surface, but in the structure of the organization. This is one of the primary reasons for the emergence of __________. The display of only certain carefully selected emotions towards the public, instead of true feelings, A. Twin studies in sociology and psychology. Which of these characteristics do virtual communities and face-to-face communities have in common? a. the CEO or other person who comes to be associated with a bureaucratic organization, a. INQUIRER.net wants to hear from you! He chooses to take a passive approach to this problem, hoping that it will fix itself. b. part of the movement to humanize bureaucracy includes A number of people who may never have met one another but share a similar characteristic, such as education level, age, race, or gender, is called a(n) __________. Who among the following is most likely to be effective in times of crisis? Max Weber and the iron cage of technology, Bulletin of Science, Technology & Society, Cops, teachers, counselors: Stories from the front lines of public service, Gender, representative bureaucracy, and law enforcement: The case of sexual assault. Theres a focus on employees on the surface, as long as improved treatment and representation contributes to productivity and responsiveness. Instrumental We first present an overview of Webers bureaucratic theory and introduce relevant critiques. Part of the movement to humanize bureaucracy includes_____. Expectations for employee performance should shift attention away from the traditional focus on efficiency, outputs, and service delivery to consider the human rights-friendliness of practice. Similarly, the use of human rights language has shown to contribute to individual empowerment and agency for underrepresented groups and foster more substantive visions of justice, provide a moral framework, and a common language to express core values of the organization with regards to equity (Ignatieff 2001). a. Solomon Asch c. ideal type a. Which of the following is a purpose of groups according to classical functionalist theorists? b. c. a couple with a new baby, increasing the size of the family _____________ social control takes place through the socialization process. Moreover, bureaucracys focus on efficiency and technical rationality is compatible with just three of the four important values in public administration: efficiency, economy, and effectiveness. . It is against this background that countless campaigns to humanize the bureaucracy have been launched. formal organization Self-fulfilling prophecy c. democratic Chapter 5 Flashcards | Quizlet Given discussed critiques by the human relations movement and representative bureaucracy that bring employees back to the fore, we questioned whether these characteristics are compatible with the growing recognition of human rights. all secondary groups are approximately the same size Symbolic response A. She is embarrassed about having to wait tables, so she tries to make it clear to the customers that she is not interested in the job and is working at the restaurant merely to make some money until she graduates. The ideal-type characteristics of bureaucratic organizations, as specified by Max Weber, include an emphasis on_____. b. Brainscape helps you realize your greatest personal and professional ambitions through strong habits and hyper-efficient studying. 2020, 1). Which category is NOT included in sociologist Amitai Etzioni's classification of formal organizations? __________ is measured by comparing a person's actual income against his or her expectations and perceptions. Sociology EXAM 2 Flashcards | Quizlet a. Which of these is not a step in the process of the looking-glass self? d. subjects always chose to conform to the incorrect responses of Asch's assistants, b. Its easy to warm up to him. d. may encourage social cohesion among group members, d. may encourage social cohesion among group members, In his study of conformity, Solomon Asch found that __________. Implementing an HRBA approach means a first step in compliance with essential international human rights standards, such as the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR), the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR), the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR), the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women, the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, and other international human rights laws. In addition, organizational formalization need not have negative impacts on employee well-being. Which of the following is NOT one of these concepts? Psychology - What is Psychology? In psychologist Jean Piaget's theory, by the _____________ stage, adolescents are able to engage in highly abstract though and understand places, things, and events they have never seen. b. efforts to reduce the amount of informal activity in the workplace. A a greater emphasis on sharing information 13 Q A college president need not be effective in designing promotional brochures. normative B. greater responsibility for organizational leaders. Enforcement is an important part of the policy process. c. putting organizational needs above competing responsibilities. a. laissez-faire Attachment 1: The human rights based approach to development cooperation: Towards a common understanding among the UN agencies. Borry and Getha-Taylor (2019) find that those most at risk for layoffs as a result of their jobs becoming automated are women and people of color (making organizations more male and more white). Early work on representative bureaucracy focused on social class (Kingsley 1944; his work focused on the British civil service), but contemporary work focuses relevant characteristics such as gender and race (e.g., Keiser et al. We posit that a human-rights framework can be useful to achieve this goal: it prioritizes the individual and positions principles such as nondiscrimination, equality, participation, and empowerment at the center of the design and evaluation of processes and structures in institutions. Two tenets of bureaucracy are related to rules: management by ruleswhich relates to the organization of the officeand the requirement for written rules that can be learned (Weber 1946). Though nondiscrimination protections exist in the United States, for example, via Title VII of the Civil Rights Act and the Equal Employment Opportunity Act, data consistently show that those from underrepresented populations remain underrepresented in government employment. a. Which of these sociologists first suggested that small groups have interaction patterns that do not exist in larger groups? democratic a. c. Human Rights Campaign Through their work, bureaucracies have multiple different spheres of influence in which they can incorporate human rights principles: within the public organization, in regard to the direct relations to the people they serve, the stakeholders they interact with, the community, and the society at large. When there are bureaucracy, organizations can operate more smoothly and productively. three-quarters __________ is the term for compliance in which people follow direct orders from someone in a position of authority. a. Weber on bureaucracy: Management consultant or political theorist? Within a bureaucracy, leaders have access to information that others in the organization do not have. Therefore, the bureaucratic emphasis on merit and neutrality may not be consistent with HRBA principles of nondiscrimination. Which of the following terms did German political sociologist Robert Michels use to refer to the tendency of a bureaucracy to be ruled by the few? Part of the movement to humanize bureaucracy includes, The tendency for a bureaucracy to be ruled by the few is termed. formal group __________ leadership is most appropriate when the groups purpose is to complete a task or reach a particular goal. The supervisor of the office has been informed that Sarah consistently extends her lunch hour by 30 . They can cite all the rules but never the goals. This is one of the primary reasons for the emergence of __________, Broad categories of __________ include banking, business, education, energy, the environment, health, labor, persons with a disability, religious groups, retired persons, women, and those espousing a specific ideological viewpoint. discourage feelings of group superiority b. coalition b. a. a greater emphasis on sharing ideas and problem-solving approaches. They encourage organizations to look carefully at how efficiency gains may decrease workplace equity, at best, and be discriminatory, at worst. Notably, we acknowledge that human rights are afforded not just to bureaucratsor employeesbut also to those that bureaucracies serve, but focus our critique on how the HRBA applies to those within the bureaucracy. By providing an email address. Though bureaucracies are designed for efficiency, Weber also worried about the likelihood of such bureaucracies to concentrate power, reduce autonomy, and dehumanize those within it (Maley 2004; Samier 2005; Weiss 1983). While using a HRBA in a public setting has not been the focus of these analyses, it seems safe to assume that similar outcomes would present themselves for bureaucracies. d. coercive, Weber's term __________ refers to the process by which traditional informal and spontaneous methods of social organization are gradually replaced by efficiently administered formal rules and procedures. (for example between employees and customers in a fast-food restaurant)? groupthink b. 1968), and organizations with more written rules are considered to be more formalized than those with fewer written rules. c. outgroups a. impersonality Absolute They can think about the future and evaluate different options or courses of action. coercive a. trained incapacity b. bureaucracy c. oligarchy d. goal displacement, A(n) __________ is a group to which a person belongs and with which the person feels a . Our family, close friends, and school- or work-related peer groups are examples of, A situation in which people disengage from social roles that have been central to their self-identity is known as, Let Quiz 3/Business - Business Communications, Criminal Justice - Crime Violence and Schools QuixDoc 2, Quiz Facts 8. To conclude, we argue that elements of bureaucracy require a rethinking and centering of human rights to be effective and equitable. This particular supervisor is exhibiting which style of leadership? d. anticipatory socialization, The bureaucratic tendency toward rule by the few is termed __________. archetype Borst, R. T., P. M. Kruyen, C. J. Lako, and M. S. de Vries. Human rights and social work: Towards rights-based practice, Building bridges over troubled waters: Merit as a guide, Training, empowerment, and creating a culture for change, More than pathological formalization: Understanding organizational structure and red tape, Lipstick and logarithms: Gender, institutional context, and representative bureaucracy, Representative bureaucracy: An interpretation of the British civil service. According to Samier (2005, 65), Weber also was concerned with the prospects for freedom and the fate of liberalism as a result of increased rationalization and bureaucratization of governance. See answer Advertisement jayilych4real Participation and inclusion: A HRBA requires that people can participate actively, freely, and meaningfully in decisions that affect them, including decisions that affect their work life. d. primary group, __________ is the term for the process by which members of a cohesive group arrive at a decision that many individual members privately believe is unwise. 0, Which type of theorist is most likely to note the scripted nature of interaction in contemporary society (for example between employees and customers in a fast-food restaurant)? c. outgroup Further, special attention must be paid to the participation of underrepresented groups. This law codified merit principles that guide the federal human resources management system. Applying the terms for problems that. A dozen inexperienced backpackers are preparing to settle in for the night when they realize that someone in the group is missing. In this case, 100 refers to the Senates ___________ size. c. Obedience d. affiliation, Annette, Joshua, Sandra, and Luis are college students who met for the first time in a sociology class. The bureaucratic tendency toward rule by the few is termed __________, Examples of include the AFL-CIO (representing the majority of labor unions) and citizens' groups such as the American Conservative Union and Zero Population Growth, The extensive infusion of one nation's culture into other nations is referred to as: d. expressive, A(n) __________ is an organizational model characterized by a hierarchy of authority, a clear division of labor, explicit rules and procedures, and impersonality in personal matters. Over time, merit became the basis for hiring and promotion in the US federal government, solidified further by the Civil Service Reform Act (CSRA) of 1978. But his application could not be processed because of a discrepancy between his name in the hospital records and his name as it appears in the members data record. The organization of bureaucracies according to specialization implies that individuals will also have specialized knowledge and technical expertise (or, merit). a reduction in the amount of informal activity Instead of discussing their concerns, they do not want to challenge the leader's authority. I would say that with my experience at PhilHealth, I have not come across a more caring, compassionate, and efficient establishment and staff.

How To Flatten Warped Osb, Jonathan Lawson Biography, Parle Productions Jack And Kelly Break Up, Articles P