Many Hollywood films, such as Clash of the Titans, Immortals, and Disneys Hercules, attempt to recreate (and exaggerate) the Greek tales. Not only does Odysseus utilize lies to keep his identity a secret but also, through the use of specific language, he conveys unspoken points. Should you ever find yourself in Paris, be sure to visit The Louvre, which has one of the greatest collections of art inspired by Greek mythology that I have ever had the privilege to view (not to mention a wealth of other incredible work worth your time). In Book 9, "The Cyclops," to whom does Polyphemus pray to after Odysseus' leaves his island? Scenes from mythology have been depicted by artists throughout history because of the archetypal nature of its characters and stories. What happens just as Odysseus sights Phaiacia? The chase, to use nautical terms, began to lighten ship by throwing overboard first one article and then another. a) The United States has the world's largest economy. In The Odyssey, Odysseus and others take advantage of homeric social norms of lying and deceit in order to get what they want; furthering their quest and goal through their trickery. In The Odyssey by Homer, translated by Robert Fitzgerald, Odysseus is one such debatable hero. He takes the punishment of Antinous and the other suitors without saying a word and is able to see those who have invaded his house. Although he earns the trust of his men while in Troy, he loses it on his perilous journey home. It was surely foolish of Odysseus to expect Polyphemus to honor the host/guest . Also, for many heroes it is debatable whether they really are a hero. After looking into the beginning of Book IX, explain how the ending of Book VIII prepares for what follows. In a violent, dangerous society where conflict was ever-present, it was essential to have some kind of custom in place to protect travelers and to keep the flow of trade running smoothly. How does Odysseus react to the Trojan horse story? Odysseus can quickly tailor his lies depending on the person and the situation he is in. What do you think about the government's right to unwind wards of the state who aren't talented enough or who have "reached their potential"? In Book 9, "The Cyclops," What is Odysseus' BIG mistake with the Cyclops? The Greeks sense of hospitality exceeds our own. We retain many of the absurdities of the common law, and, among others, some which depend on a distinction between the intention and the commission of the act; but I do not know that any of our States are so unjust as to punish a citizen, in this way, because he has already been the victim of a rogue. Why is Nausicaa's reaction different from that of the other girls? They made the decision to fight, not necessarily physically, for their values. As children, we were continuously taught to be honest. He even risks his own soul for them. However, in The Odyssey by Homer, Odysseus disrespects his crew men and the gods advice, lets hubris interfere with his mens lives, and is unfaithful to his wife Penelope. The good luck Odysseus has is that the cyclops falls for his trick and gets drunk. In Book 9, "The Cyclops," How many men does the Cyclops eat? Why did Athena not make a face-to-face appearance in answer to Odysseus' prayer? In Book 9, "The Cyclops," What words does Odysseus use to describe the Cyclops? What does the king do about his reaction? Odysseus paints Circe as the lone fault for part of his travel but leaves out several details of what actually happened. A young man had been sleeping on the grass, and this land-pirate had absolutely succeeded in getting his shoes, his handkerchief, and his hat; but an attempt to take off his cravat had awoke the sleeper. We read the biographies of great men so that we can learn from their virtues and flaws. Not only does Odysseus utilize lies to keep his identity a secret but also, through the use of specific language, he conveys unspoken points. Besides, the handkerchief was not actually taken, attendance in the courts was both expensive and vexatious, and he would be bound over to prosecute. Is lying considered justified if it was involved in a dangerous situation? He then foreshadows how Odysseuss homecoming will be, using the sirens voices as a symbolic message. The Lotus Eaters pose a threat to Odysseus and his men by giving the ma plant to eat and one of them ate it , will have an emotion where they have no hope their going home . The place of rendezvous was the White Horse Cellar, in Piccadilly-a spot almost as celebrated for those who are in transit, as was the Isthmus of Suez of old. Throughout the story major themes of loyalty, hospitality and vengeance are hidden within the plot. The radical regarded me a moment, and inquired if what the other had just said was true. The lotus flower made the men who consume it to lose the desire of wanting to go home and forget about their families. Homer, was a great bard who travels from villages telling many villagers his famous epic. In The Odyssey, Odysseus along with his men try to go back home to Ithaca but due to. Program, Strengthen Your Tribe: A Report on the Atomic Athlete Vanguard, The Best Riddles for Kids (With Answers! Youll not only receive lessons in manliness and a healthy dose of classical education, but you might also find opportunities to share your enriched understanding of art and literature with your significant other on an out-of-the-ordinary date night. Having his men by his side when he returns seems a trivial thing to him. At first, I had but a single fellow-traveller. Penelope is forced to wait until Odysseus and Telemachus can finally rid Ithaca from the suitors, so she uses her only power, lies. Being an epic hero is not something that anyone can do. In Book 9, "The Cyclops," What happens to the men who eat the lotus flower? Polyphemus (the Cyclops) and King Alcinous. Odysseus did not want his men to lose hope and turn against him if they knew that only Odysseus would return home. Odysseus makes a deal with the lolling Circe that says,Mount your bed? Yet despite the moments where she seems ready to falter (and who can blame her?) So Odysseus gets more than he bargained for, with many of his crewmates ending up inside the giant's hungry belly. In The Odyssey by Homer, loyalty, courage, and trickery are displayed throughout the book in a positive manner, showing that they are the Greek's cultural values. He does n't respect the Cyclopes because he find them as savage and negative . While walking the island, the men encounter the Lotus Eaters and find that they are a peaceful people; they do nothing except eat the lotus plant. He is favored by the gods and respected and admired by the mortals. He displays a degree of selflessness in his concern for his men (despite their stubborn, foolish behavior). The Odyssey BOOK 9 GUIDED QUESTIONS.docx - Course Hero Nausicaa doesn't want Odysseus to follow the girls through town because of the fact that she wants him to trail her through town to have people question if the two are in a relationship and because of the gossip that goes on in the town; Odysseus tells Alcinous that he did not follow Nausicaa's instructions to follow her because he thought it might offend him. in unwin Odysseus Character Analysis in The Odyssey | SparkNotes Deceit and Lying allow the furtherment of goals and the ability to cast ourselves as someone who may not be. This is an example of trickery because Odysseus tricked the Cyclops into doing something stupid so that he could get a strategic advantage. So rather than sailing toward Charybdis to lose all his men and the ship, he chose to sail toward Scylla to have a greater chance of coming. It was still broad daylight. However, some characters in the epic display many great qualities. How will Odysseus repay the hospitality shown by alcinous Why is this While Odysseus does demonstrate some qualities that are not heroic, he is still defined as a hero because of his better, more heroic qualities in which he is far superior in than any other man. Odysseus portrays himself as anything but a hero throughout Homers The Odyssey. Which one? Odysseus feels he is always the leader and no one can tell him otherwise. Most importantly, a hero is not perfect. Character Analysis Odysseus Odysseus is a combination of the self-made, self-assured man and the embodiment of the standards and mores of his culture. This can be said for most of Odysseus's actions in the story, as his main objective is to reach his home. Odysseus's quick thinking helps him out of some very tough situations, as when he escapes from the cave of the Cyclops in Book 9, or when he hides his slaughter of the suitors by having his minstrel strike up a wedding tune in Book 23. Adjectives answer the questions What kind? The last that appeared in the air was a hat, when, finding himself hemmed in between three of us, the thief suffered himself to be taken. My business was now done, and I left London in a night-coach for Southampton. It lands right in front of Odysseus' ship, creating a reverse wave, washing his ship back to shore. In Book 9, "The Cyclops," How many bowls of wine did the Cyclop's drink? Why does Odysseus tie down the three men when the arrive at the land of the Lotus Eaters? What invitation does she give Odysseus? Ive taught The Odyssey to high school students for five years, so I know the obstacles youll encounter while (re)reading Homers epic. An Odyssey in modern definition is a long series of wanderings and adventures; so unsurprisingly Homers epic poem, The Odyssey is exactly that: a string of adventures that centers on Odysseus as he travels back to his home, Ithaca, after the Trojan War. They only want to stay there, with the Lotus-eaters, eating the lotus. d) U.S. industries produce most of the goods consumed in the United States. He is an honest story teller, showing that he is not ashamed that he was courageous and daring, but in some ways that being too cocky could be dangerous. The cat scampered up\underline{\text{up}}up the tree. No because they live alone and have no rules. The influence of Greek mythology is all around us. On his return, he is recognized only by his faithful dog and a nurse. Last, the host would provide the guest with a parting gift. However, The Odyssey is worth it. Certainly Odysseus does grow in wisdom and judgment throughout his ventures. In other ways, however, he seems slow to learn. Modifiers make our writing more specific, more exact, or more definite. In The Odyssey, Odysseus proves to be a weak leader by being overconfident in Book 9, forgetful in Book 10, dishonest in Book 12, and having a short temper in Books 21-23. What does he say will happen? He encounters many great gods, goddesses, and monsters on his way home. My companion, after a word or two of advice, hurried me from the spot. At first, they did not believe the curse, but days passed and the curse started to become true. bookmarked pages associated with this title. Odysseus' nostos, or return trip, has been prolonged by Poseidon, the Greek sea god who begrudges him for. Joseph Campbell once said, A hero is someone who has given his or her life to something bigger than oneself. True heroes are those who do something for others rather for themselves, Odysseus doesnt exactly show this trait in The Odyssey. eNotes Editorial, 29 Sep. 2018, https://www.enotes.com/homework-help/when-odysseus-try-take-advantage-others-1458818. In Homers Odyssey, Odysseus uses lies as a protective disguise against strangers. he exclaimed; "why, you speak English as well as I do myself!" There are a lot of leaders in Greek mythology that use deceit and dishonesty to accomplish their own goals. Starting with, Odysseus getting the Cyclops drunk. The aristocrat was silent, and the admirer of aristocracy evidently thought himself too good to enter into a dispute with one of the mere people; for to admire aristocracy was, in his eyes, something like an illustration; but wincing under one of the other's home-pushes, he said, "These opinions may do very well for this gentleman," meaning me, who as yet had not uttered a syllable- "who is an American; but I must say, I think them out of place in the mouth of an Englishman." The double standard in the story is unavoidable: if Penelope had such a lapse, it would be utterly unforgiveable, yet Odysseus is free to sow his royal oats as he pleases. Throughout the story, Odysseus exhibits many heroic characteristics, such as bravery and being admired for great achievements. Often he openly evaluates a situation, demonstrating the logic he employs in making his choices. He is confident that he represents virtue even when a modern audience might not be so sure. By way of relieving his mind, however, I told him I was an American. If you feel lost at any point while you read, SparkNotes has an excellent breakdown of the book that you can view for free on their website. Although Odysseus lust is to blame for a portion of the delay, his pride is ultimately the greatest cause. Athena makes it sound like Odysseus' absence was Zeus' fault where Zeus thinks that Athena started it. a) France declared war on the United States. Lying in Homeric Society was as prevalent as it is today, and many characters take full advantage of the ability of deceit. He has a tragic flaw, which can best be identified as hubris (an overbearing arrogance or misguided pride) as one of several distinguishing traits. The king is the uncle of his wife Arete; it's as if it's commonplace in the town. He uses irony, when Odysseus, is trying to escape the one-eyed cyclops Polyphemus by using the trick of nobody. In The Odyssey, Odysseus and others take advantage of homeric social norms of lying and deceit in order to get what they want; furthering their quest and goal through their trickery. According to Pericles, why is Athens a democracy? Why does she let him go? But Polyphemus is a monster, not a civilized member of society. answered Explain the good luck Odysseus has.How does he take advantage of the good luck? Throughout his epic journey, Odysseus is the beneficiary of xenia on a number of occasions. and he seemed more puzzled than ever. His is the tale of every young mans longing to have a relationship with his dad, and become a man in his own right. As you will recall from the last post, Odysseus is the king of Ithaca and one of the heroes of the Trojan War. For example, when, Lies are, whether detrimental or advantageous, are a staple of most civilizations throughout history. Even Joss Whedon (now famous for directing The Avengers) utilized mythological references in his short-lived sci-fi television series Firefly. Latest answer posted October 02, 2020 at 3:09:58 PM. In what way? Based on these lines, how does he reveal that trait in this passage? In Book 9, "The Cyclops," Where is Odysseus' Home? In Book 9, "The Cyclops," Who is Odysseus' father? When the men dont return, Odysseus becomes suspicious. The story of Odysseus would have been well-known by the time Homer crafted his definitive version, so he plunges in, fully expecting that the audience is already familiar with the hero. How does Odysseus take advantage of his good luck? In Book 9, "The Cyclops," Odysseus has been referred to as "the strategist." In The Odyssey, Odysseus embarks on one huge adventure to save his people, but barely gets back home. In the Odyssey, Odysseus is a hero because he is a selfless leader. Notice how adjectives help us clearly visualize those blue suede shoes that Roger wants so much. We can contrast Odysseus, for example, with the great warrior Achilles in The Iliad. His boat tips him overboard and he begins drowning, but he is saved by Ino, Ino gives Odysseus her veil to protect him so he won't drown; Athena sends aware to help Odysseus stay afloat and keep him safe. Around the beginning of Odysseus journey home after the war, Odysseus decides to take a detour to the home of a cyclops deciding to not listen to his mens suggestions to leave while they still could; consequently, it does not end well: Ah, how sound that was, Yet I refused. What biological relationship exists between the king and his wife? Finally, trickery is shown as a cultural value in the Odyssey because Penelope, Odysseuss wife, tricks the suitors into thinking she will marry them, when she wont. Venturing to ask him the names of one or two objects that we passed, and fearing he might think my curiosity impertinent, I apologized for it, by mentioning that I was a foreigner. Homer highlights that the importance of respect is that people receive the respect they deserve. I wished to see the caveman, what he had to offer no pretty sight it turned out, for my friend (9.130-132). In the Odyssey, what does Teiresias (the prophet in the Land of the Dead) warn Odysseus against in his prophecy? In Book 9, "The Cyclops," Why does Odysseus lie to the Cyclops about his ship? As you can see, the responsibilities of a host were much more than what is demanded by our contemporary culture. The Odyssey is a book written by Homer around 750 B.C. Also, the text shows the beneficial outcome of resisting from temptations that distract people from completing their goal. This passage is an excerpt from American novelist James Fenimore Cooper's "Recollections of Europe," a series of letters and essays describing the author's European travels and observations. In Book 9, "The Cyclops," What does Homer's use of the Young Dawn tell us about it? Yes, there is a wealth of detail on each page. Odysseus was a formidable opponent, but the gods always win. The reason that Odysseus has not returned home is because Polyphemus put a curse on him, which made his journey more brutal while trying to return home. At the end of Casablanca the classic film that many consider the most romantic of all time the hero Rick says to his beloved Ilsa, as he puts her on a plane with her husband, "It doesn't take much to see that the problems of three little people don't amount to a hill of beans in this crazy world.". Odysseus has just proved his incredible strength and skill by successfully firing an arrow through a row of axes. They are on the island of the Lotus Eaters . After the victory over the Cicones, Odysseus wisely wants to take the plunder and depart quickly (9.50). When Odysseus cleanses his house of the suitors, we see how savage the fury of a man can be when he defends his family and home. On the way to Ithaca Odysseus faces many challenges while his wife deals with challenges of her own at their house. What does this reveal about him? In Book 9, "The Cyclops," at the end, Odysseus foreshadows what will happen to all of his men. Start your 48-hour free trial to get access to more than 30,000 additional guides and more than 350,000 Homework Help questions answered by our experts. literature. I say this seriously, and not with a view to sneer, but to point out to you a state of feeling that, at first, struck me as very extraordinary. Starting with, Odysseus getting the Cyclops drunk. Heroes are people who aid others, often putting themselves at risk to do so. First, any person who arrived on your doorstep was to be welcomed in, regardless of who he or she was. Why have American presidents refused for decades to use the term genocide in describing the atrocities committed against Armenians by the Ottoman E Copyright 2023 IPL.org All rights reserved. Oedipus tells the people he will find the culprit and do whatever he needs to do to punish them. Throughout the story Odysseus uses a lot of clever and deceitful tactics to get his men and himself out trouble. 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The story continues to show his heroic side with three major traits. A hero is one who sets a goal in which takes bravery and dedication in order to achieve. Launch out on his story, Muse, daughter of Zeus, start from where you will sing for our time too. But he could not save them from disaster, hard as he strove the recklessness of their own ways destroyed them all, the blind fools, they devoured the cattle of the Sun and the Sungod wiped from sight the day of their return. The poem is the story of Odysseus, king of Ithaca, who wanders for 10 years (although the action of the poem covers only the final six weeks) trying to get home after the Trojan War. Odysseus often has only two choices: death or victory. If you prefer a more direct, novelized version, those are available too. stop him!" This thought by Odysseus shows that he realized his decision to go to the mysterious island wasnt the most rational one and that his mens pleas to leave were the better option, but he decides to be stubborn and place his curiosity before his mens safety resulting in a non-heroic. Lines 238-275: Explain the good luck that Odysseus has. Our soil yields the Cyclops powerful, full-bodied wine. (9. How does Odysseus take advantage of Arete's recognizing the clothes he is wearing? Although it always has a prominent role in myths, deceit is a powerful factor in the myths of Prometheus, Nessus, and Zeus. As he sails away and mocks the creature, he shouts his name so that all might know who had victory over the muscular brute. What are the challenges that Odysseus had to face on his journey home? How do the gods use it's name? The strong prevail. Odysseus sends a scouting party of three men to approach the lotus eaters and make their presence known. I suppose that the feelings of both castes depend on a very natural principle. What do you think Chekhov would say to that? What does this reveal about him? In this case, the prisoner was marched off under sundry severe threats of vengeance; for the robbee was heated with the run, and really looked so ridiculous that his anger was quite natural. The tale follows Odysseus journey home to Ithaka, which is greatly affected by the choices made by the characters. In The Odyssey by Homer, loyalty, courage, and trickery are displayed throughout the book in a positive manner, showing that they are the Greeks cultural values. ". she dragged the boy into a large kitchenette-furnished room in the rear of the house.". in: Character, Featured, Knowledge of Men, Guest Contributor November 16, 2012 Last updated: June 16, 2021. Athena takes him to Alcinous' palace where she takes a mattress from the princess and provides him with clothes, Women don't have much of a say because women didn't have a say in their weddings. To get his men motivated, Odysseus did not tell his crew that only he will survive the journey. Aside from the long journey, the much more can be inferred from just than the places and persons visited; The character of Odysseus can be explored to show what makes him a hero, what his qualities and flaws are, and how he is an archetype. Nausicaa gives Odysseus one reason that he should not follow the girls through the town; Odysseus tells the father of Nausicaa a different reason. Odysseus - CliffsNotes URGENT: This crescendo of pride over the humiliation of Polyphemus results in Poseidons relentless interference with the remainder of Odysseus journey. If you have never read The Odyssey, treat yourself to it. In The Odyssey by Homer, loyalty, courage, and trickery are displayed throughout the book in a positive manner, showing that they are the Greeks cultural values. Heroes in real life have supernatural abilities. In Book 9, "The Cyclops," Who is Polyphemus? The town has asked Oedipus to save them from the disease that has spread killing all the life in town by finding the person who killed Lauis. Have you ever felt tempted to cheat on your homework or on a test? I took an inside seat this time, for the convenience of a nap. But I was planning so that things would come out the best way/trying to find some release from death(IX.420-432) Odysseus blames everyone but him, placing himself as an innocent hero whose misfortune was caused by. The true beauty of Penelopes character is most apparent in the final act of the story when she talks to the beggar (who is Odysseus in disguise) and inadvertently plays a crucial role in the suitors demise (though her cleverness makes me question whether or not it was truly inadvertent). One example of this is the Greek hero Odysseus from The Odyssey by Homer. He plays with the lives of his men and he is punished for it. Odysseus should be regarded as a hero because he is brave, clever, and cautious. DOCX English Exploration with Ms. Johnson - Home Similarly, Penelopes trick with the bed was harmless and successful, whereas undoing her work on the shroud has severe consequences when she is caught. Instead, Odysseus lied by getting their hopes up of returning home, when in the end he knows that they will not make it back. I dont mean to imply that Odysseus lacked the ability to exert physical force quite the contrary. He is deeper than Achilles, more contemplative, but still capable of explosive violence; he is almost certainly more interesting. Many times in the epic he manipulates others, commits foolish acts and is full of hubris. His participation in the war was crucial to the Greeks' victory. Welcome back to our series on Greek mythology. Why or why not? Why is this vow important?

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