Estonia Justifications for Waivers and Exceptions. The owner locked the 12-year-old in a dirty room with several other children and forced them to make bangles for 15 hours a day, using lacquer melted over dangerous burning coal and making only US $0.70 a week. A trauma-informed approach is needed now more than ever. For example, training on trafficking indicators should be expanded to healthcare workers, such as those supporting COVID-19 testing and vaccination efforts as they might be the few people a victim could interact with in public. As a government and society, we strive to correct past wrongs and advance racial equity in the United States and abroad. Then, we must do a better job supporting survivors when they escape. Chane Corp At first when she arrived in Manila, nothing seemed wrong; Benilda enjoyed a comfortable life and went to a good school. Saint Lucia When the school closed the educational visa program after complaints were filed, it encouraged students to self-deport. Belize The Government of South Sudan is taking effective and continuing steps to address the problem of child soldiers. For example, IOM has developed resources for its staff to incorporate anti-trafficking into its own work in humanitarian and other emergency settings. It will promote peace and security in the region through maritime security and counterterrorism capacity building. The Department places each country in this Report onto one of four tiers, as mandated by the TVPA. Whether the government of the country cooperates with other governments in the investigation and prosecution of severe forms of trafficking in persons and has entered into bilateral, multilateral, or regional law enforcement cooperation and coordination arrangements with other countries. Directly accessible data for 170 industries from 50 countries and over 1 million facts: Get quick analyses with our professional research service. Moira Honohan This truncated narrative gives a few examples. There were no other reports of child soldier use in 2019. Julie Hicks The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) released the Center for Countering Human Trafficking (CCHT) annual report, highlighting many of the Department's efforts during the last Fiscal Year (FY 2021) to enhance identification and screening for human trafficking, improve protection and assistance to victims, increase investigations and enforcement actions, and provide training, outreach, and . UnderPooles strategic direction, MWLaddressesthe root causes of human trafficking, focusing oncommunitieswhereRoma, migrants, women, and childrenare most vulnerable. The CSPA prohibits assistance to governments that are identified in the list under the following authorities: International Military Education and Training, Foreign Military Financing, Excess Defense Articles, and Peacekeeping Operations, with exceptions for some programs undertaken pursuant to the Peacekeeping Operations authority. Burkina Faso For example: With an anticipated increase in poverty rates for the first time in two decades, further research on the economic effects of COVID-19 remains essential to understanding the ensuing large-scale unemployment, particularly in the informal job sector, and how it will drive known and new forms of trafficking. Yemen. Page 46: Getty/Greg Baker Get in touch with us. With continued collaboration, adaptation, and commitment to serving the needs of victims, survivors, and vulnerable populations, anti-trafficking efforts will emerge stronger in the post-pandemic era. As the anti-trafficking community has grappled with how to integrate these ideals, it often conflates them. Laura Svat Rundlet Congo, Republic of the They also trained 176 officials in the identification of child soldiers and have training focal points in each SNA sector regarding the prohibition against children in armed conflict. The anti-trafficking field has identified and delineated the recruitment, grooming, and exploitation practices traffickers use in various scenarios of both sex and labor trafficking. The President has determined it is in the national interest of the United States to waive the application of the prohibition in section 404(a) of the CSPA with respect to the Government of Nigeria (GON) and has certified that the GON is taking effective and continuing steps to address the problem of child soldiers. By publishing it, with the authors consent, the Department seeks to shine a light on a population particularly vulnerable to human trafficking that is often misunderstood and overlooked. 24.9 million victims of human trafficking The ILO estimates there were 24.9 million victims of human trafficking around the world. 106-386, 108, as amended. Qatar States can take additional measures to address the vulnerabilities to human trafficking created by the kafala system, such as those described below. About one third of the overall detected victims were children, both girls (19 per cent) and boys . IOM adapted its existing MigApp for migrant workers in the Americas to include a new section to highlight official health recommendations to prevent the spread of the virus, capture changes across countriessuch as border restrictions, COVID-19 hotlines, or migration status changesand produce surveys to better understand the COVID-related challenges migrants faced. However, familial trafficking, which is unique and just beginning to be understood in the field, is difficult to identify because it takes place within family networks and victimizes children, many of whom are under 12 years of age, who may not realize they are victims. President Tshisekedi has stated that he believes that improved security will enable health workers to counter COVID and other global health threats stem illicit mineral smuggling, other illicit trafficking of natural resources and transnational criminal organizations, catalyze regional economic integration, and provide a much-needed boost to DRCs development. Page 17: Sara Hylton Megan Hjelle-Lantsman Aggregate data fluctuates from one year to the next due to the hidden nature of trafficking crimes, dynamic global events, shifts in government efforts, and a lack of uniformity in national reporting structures. An outstanding and passionate activist, she has led APRAMP to be a pioneer in the implementation of strategies aimed at improving coordination between the judiciary, state security forces, and the national government, which has resulted in an effective blow against criminal organizations responsible for sex trafficking in Spain. While the government disbanded the committee in 2019 due to a lack of funding, Sagbo Sasse continued to give her time to be a key advisor to government officials, closely coordinating with relevant ministries on victim identification and referral efforts. This application of trauma-informed principles during a time of collective trauma reflects the successand the necessityof the push from survivors in recent years for the anti-trafficking movement as a whole to become more survivor- and trauma-informed. Some survivors had to sell their cell phones to purchase food, further isolating them from potential assistance from case workers. While implementation of the action plan at the subnational level was limited until 2016, the SNAs Child Protection Unit (CPU), which is partially funded by the United States, put particular emphasis on screening, training and an aggressive media campaign. The Global Initiative Against Transnational Organized Crime (GIATOC) published a policy brief in May 2020 highlighting initial trends in human trafficking during the pandemic and challenges to traditional responses. Survivors of trafficking faced an increased risk of potential re-victimization due to financial and emotional hardships during the crisis. They were routinely moved around and often unsure of where they were located. U.S. strategy in Iraq is focused on working with the GOI to achieve a unified, democratic, peaceful, and inclusive Iraq by: defeating the terrorist entity known as the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS); promoting good governance and reform; supporting the increased capacity and professionalization of Iraqs security forces to bring them more in line with international best practices; promoting human rights; and promoting the protection of Iraqs diverse and often marginalized communities, regardless of their ethnicity, religion, or gender. PKO funding may also support Cameroons maritime security capabilities to combat piracy, a growing regional economic threat. During the three months of Spains lockdown due to the COVID-19 pandemic, under Moras leadership, APRAMP quickly redirected its efforts toward the detection of new spaces where commercial sex was happening. Anti-trafficking actors from all sectors should develop concrete risk mitigation and management plans to effectively respond to a variety of crises, including natural disasters, conflict scenarios, health crises, or a combination of emergencies that could exacerbate vulnerabilities to trafficking and the experiences of victims. As tasked by MC Decision 6/17, the OSR/CTHB contributed to the development of Guidance for OSCE Procurement on Combating Human Trafficking and Labour Exploitation in Supply Chains as well as to the OSCE Procurement and Contracting Workshop and a pilot training. The CSPA also prohibits the issuance of licenses for direct commercial sales of military equipment to such governments. We are happy to help. After receiving a tip from child rights activists, police conducted a raid to remove the children from the factory and arrest the trafficker. In some parts of the world, women trafficking women is the norm. In many countries, law enforcement agencies reassigned personnel responsible for investigating human trafficking to enforcing lockdowns and public health measures. Peacekeeping Operations $12,692,025 Countries in Violation of the Standards Under the CSPA in 2020. The PRC initially denied all allegations, dismissing them as international interference in its domestic affairs. Barbados Pakistan Anti-trafficking approaches should continue to incorporate technological innovations responsibly to improve anti-trafficking responses. Financial institutions and civil society can play an important role in assisting survivors in the recovery process by providing them access to digital financial services, such as online microcredit, without requiring traditional identity documentation. Sana Sezim also negotiated and partnered with government agencies in Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, and Tajikistan to open repatriation channels for more than 100,000 stranded migrants amid government-mandated lockdowns and public health emergencies. Andrea Balint Finally, all services provided in the space should be trauma-informed, age-appropriate, and culturally and linguistically sensitive. Organizations can set themselves up for success in a manner that is adaptivenot stagnantto meet the evolving challenges of anti-trafficking efforts by mindfully weaving together survivor-leadership and trauma-informed approaches for the collective good of all who engage in anti-trafficking spaces. Our current PKO-funded programming supports planning and capacity building for electoral security as well as planning for an eventual security sector reform (SSR) in the country. Adrienne Sgarlato We must ensure that our commitment to victim-centered and trauma- and survivor-informed approaches when serving victims and survivors is uninterrupted. GNA security sector leaders are also closely engaged in UN-led efforts to negotiate the terms of a ceasefire agreement, which could remove the impetus for the unlawful recruitment and use of child soldiers. As of April 5, no PKO funding was obligated in FY 2021. International Military Education and Training $197,433 2021 Global Estimates of Modern Slavery: Forced Labour and Forced Marriage. Statista assumes no We need to be told this isnt normal and that we are experiencing victimization. With enough time for traffickers to establish effective methods to recruit and groom their victims and insufficient avenues to prosecute various forms of online sexual exploitation, the pandemic accelerated and accrued the challenges to combating online sex trafficking. Comoros The President has determined it is in the national interest of the United States to waive the application of the prohibition in section 404(a) of the CSPA with respect to the Government of Afghanistan (GOA) and has certified that the GOA is taking effective and continuing steps to address the problem of child soldiers. Notably, governments and anti-trafficking stakeholders overlook familial trafficking, which is when a family member or guardian is the victims trafficker or the one who sells the child to a third-party trafficker. Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000, Div. Moldova Organizations might be in different stages of understanding and implementing trauma-informed and survivor-centered processes. The government did not screen North Korean workers for trafficking indicators or identify any North Korean trafficking victims, despite credible reports in previous years that the Democratic Peoples Republic of Korea (DPRK) operated work camps in Russia and exploited thousands of North Korean workers in forced labor. Given the essential role that these monitoring mechanisms or efforts play as the parties to the R-ARCSS continue to work to implement the peace agreement and form a transitional government, waiving restrictions to PKO assistance is in the U.S. national interest. The number of incidents of child soldier recruitment and use continue to decline, according to data from an international organization in 2019. I look forward to the work ahead, knowing there is much still to accomplish, and we will be more successful when we work together to achieve the goals of combating human trafficking and creating a more fair, equitable world. If a government has penalized or punished a victim in such a way, the government should vacate the conviction and/or expunge the victims record. Slovenia This text provides general information. Overview and forecasts on trending topics, Industry and market insights and forecasts, Key figures and rankings about companies and products, Consumer and brand insights and preferences in various industries, Detailed information about political and social topics, All key figures about countries and regions, Market forecast and expert KPIs for 600+ segments in 150+ countries, Insights on consumer attitudes and behavior worldwide, Business information on 70m+ public and private companies, Detailed information for 35,000+ online stores and marketplaces. SUPPORTING SURVIVORS OF HUMAN TRAFFICKING. Cameroon These included women and children, people affected by travel restrictions and stay-at-home orders, communities in areas of food insecurity, and survivors of trafficking, as well as persons directly and indirectly affected by the disruption of economic activities and reduced livelihood options. Bahamas, The It also allowed the Office of the Director of Public Prosecutions Trafficking Prosecutor and HTIs legal expert to provide mentorship and technical assistance on trafficking cases to forum participants across the country. Yemen. PKO funded counter-terrorism assistance to Cameroon helps improve its capabilities to combat Boko Haram and ISIS-West Africa, which increases stability and protects civilians in the Lake Chad region. Worldwide, almost 20% of all trafficking victims are children. According to an international organization, in December 2019, the GOI discharged 40 boys who had been recruited by Tribal Mobilization Forces (TMF) and provided them with rehabilitation and integration program in coordination with the international organization. Human trafficking rings often use instant and secure communication mechanisms to facilitate activities among members and employ GPS location applications as one way to remotely control victims. Significant additional work remains to eradicate this practice across Yemen. Ibusuki not only has represented trafficking victims, many of whom participated in Japans Technical Intern Training Program, but also has been an outspoken advocate about the presence of forced labor in the program. Shoichi Ibusuki has been an unrelenting champion of protecting foreign workers rights, and he has worked tirelessly for years on behalf of foreign technical trainees to assist victims of forced labor and prevent abuse within Japans Technical Intern Training Program. After reasonable requests from the Department of State for data regarding investigations, prosecutions, convictions, and sentences, a government which does not provide such data, consistent with a demonstrably increasing capacity of such government to obtain such data, shall be presumed not to have vigorously investigated, prosecuted, convicted or sentenced such acts. Applicable assistance restrictions apply for the next Fiscal Year, which begins October 1, 2021. Authorities have detected the use of third-party payment processors (TPPPs) by traffickers and their facilitators to wire funds, which gives the appearance that the TPPP is the originator or beneficiary of the wire transfer and conceals the true originator or beneficiary. Turkmenistan In addition to GNA-aligned units, others, including the self-styled Libyan National Army, have engaged in the recruitment and use of child soldiers. Governments and other anti-trafficking organizations are already taking action to weave anti-trafficking measures into crisis responses. The 2022 UNODCGlobal Report on Trafficking in Personsis the seventh of its kind mandated by the General Assembly through the 2010 United Nations Global Plan of Action to Combat Trafficking in Persons. Overall, the intensified impact on the mental health and physical well-being of trafficking victims and survivors from long-term isolation, reduced access to services, and general COVID-related risks reaffirms the need for comprehensive, trauma- and survivor-informed, and victim-centered anti-trafficking responses during the pandemic. Ryan Mulvenna Benilda was 12 when her neighbor, Joriz, offered to provide her with an education and ajob to pay her siblings school fees if she moved with him to Manila. Greater stability and self-reliance is one of our top strategic objectives in the DRC, such that our more than half a billion dollars in annual bilateral assistance can be wound down, and our focus turned more fully toward trade and investment. The DDR Committee works to equip former child soldiers with resources for income-generating activities and reintegrate them into their communities. Furthermore, familial trafficking situations may have prevented survivors from developing key healthy social skills, including how to make and maintain friends, relate to other children and adults, ask for assistance, and recognize their own self-worth. 2370c-2(c) and (d)), Survivor-Informed Practice: Definition, Best Practices, and Recommendations, ILO Domestic Workers Convention, 2011 (No. NGOs have also reported experiencing cyberattacks and threats on social media when they post statements debunking misinformation. I always expected to test positive, so when I retested, I was in shock when it came back negative. This edition of the Global Report provides a snapshot of the trafficking patterns and flows detected during the COVID-19 pandemic. Law enforcement officers were unable to conduct proper investigations and interviews with individuals to obtain the necessary evidence to prosecute human trafficking cases. Pandemic mitigation efforts forced many people to shift online, including human traffickers. Some indicators of forced labor of a child include situations in which the child appears to be in the custody of a non-family member and the childs work financially benefits someone outside the childs family; or the denial of food, rest, or schooling to a child who is working. For tips on how to build a survivor-informed organization, please see the NHTTAC toolkit on this topic. The coercive scheme can include threats of force, debt manipulation, withholding of pay, confiscation of identity documents, psychological coercion, reputational harm, manipulation of the use of addictive substances, threats to other people, or other forms of coercion. The Government of Thailand issued a Cabinet Resolution in August 2020 that made it easier to obtain new work permits and provided extensions for migrants working in Thailand. Luxembourg Ghana Ireland The Staff of the Office to Monitor and Combat Trafficking in Persons Is: Hadiyyah A. Abdul-Jalaal It includes: an overview of trafficking patterns; legal steps taken in response; and country-specific information on reported cases of trafficking in persons, victims, and prosecutions. Page 619: Picture Alliance These initiatives, as well as any near-term security sector programming, will be used to support the security sector reform/disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration (SSR/DDR) and governance needed to end the conflict and the recruitment and use of child soldiers. Macau Brazil Section 402 of the Child Soldiers Prevention Act, as amended (CSPA) requires publication in the annual TIP Report of a list of foreign governments identified during the previous year as having governmental armed forces, police, or other security forces, or government-supported armed groups that recruit or use child soldiers, as defined in the CSPA. Their employer often controls their access to food, transportation, and housing. Patrick Hamilton Bemaka-Souis tireless leadership and her efforts to forge these institutional frameworks resulted in the critical foundation for the government to steadily improve its efforts to combat human trafficking. Similarly, a study by the Government of the Philippines also found many overseas Filipino workers were stranded with their savings exhausted during 2020. It is essential to have various survivor voices lending feedback into all areas of an organizations work. Survivors of human trafficking often discover that human traffickers have taken control of their financial identity or banking products and limited or prevented their access to the financial system, spoiling their credit record and hindering their financial reintegration. In the first seven months of the pandemic, the International Aid Transparency Initiative noted a reduction of 17 percent in bilateral donor commitments between 2019 and 2020, which included a five percent decline in ODA. Governments can enhance efforts to reduce disparities that widened during the pandemicwhich also contributed to trafficking risks and emboldened traffickersby formulating policies and programs that meet the needs of underserved communities. OVC. The acts element of sex trafficking is met when a trafficker recruits, harbors, transports, provides, obtains, patronizes, or solicits another person to engage in commercial sex. However, there are still many countries that lack the necessary legal instruments or political will. Forced labor is well documented in the private economy, particularly in agriculture, fishing, manufacturing, construction, and domestic work; but no sector is immune. Sarah Davis In Kosovo, Terre des Hommes, along with partners, organized and conducted webinars on case management, challenges, and sustainability of delivering services to victims of trafficking during the COVID-19 pandemic. Its Survivor Inclusion Initiative works to facilitate survivor access to basic banking services, such as checking and savings accounts by connecting survivors to financial institutions. The government also reportedly placed ethnic Tibetans in vocational training and manufacturing jobs as part of an ostensible poverty alleviation and labor transfer program that featured overt coercive elements. An Increase in Forms of Online Sexual Exploitation. Turkey As of April 5, $3,821,000 worth of EDA equipment was transferred to Afghanistan. In 2018, for every 10 victims detected globally, about five were adult women and two were girls. These include the creation of Labor Dispute Resolution Committees, the opening of the first and only shelter in the country for human trafficking victims, the removal of exit permit requirements for migrant workers, implementation of the minimum wage, and abolishment of the No Objection Certificate (migrant workers were previously required to obtain these certificates from their employer to transfer to another employer). We paid daily for a bed, for the space at the bar, for the help the bar owners gave us. A February 2020 seminar in the government-controlled city of Marib, held by ROYG ministries and NGOs with support from Saudi Arabias King Salman Humanitarian Aid and Relief Center (KSRelief) addressed strategies to reduce unlawful recruitment and use of child soldiers, taking into account the social and political contexts of the practice. In addition, some service providers offered telephone and online counseling and legal aid sessions, including filing temporary protection orders by email and providing legal representation via online platforms. The United States will continue engaging with Afghan security forces to encourage implementation of the policies and legal frameworks in place, such as the Ministry of Defenses Protection of Children in Armed Conflict Policy. Iran While organ trafficking exists in all regions of the world, it . Building the capacity of the Republic of Yemen Government to meet these goals furthers important U.S. government security interests to include enhancing homeland security, while simultaneously moving toward the goal of ending the war in Yemen. The Government of Nigeria should continue to make progress in combating the unlawful recruitment and use of child soldiers. President Felix Tshisekedi has demonstrated that he is a willing partner committed to addressing instability and conflict in DRC, but needs U.S. security assistance to succeed in defeating armed groups threatening local populations, including the ISIS-affiliated Allied Democratic Forces (ADF). Description and Amount of Assistance Provided Pursuant to a Waiver. Shakhnoza Khassanova is the director of the Legal Center for Womens Initiatives, Sana Sezim. She has more than a decade of impressive experience raising awareness about human trafficking, advocating for greater victim protections, and aiding migrants and victims of human trafficking from across Central Asia. A Growing Number of People Experiencing Economic and Social Vulnerabilities. International Military Education and Training $394,066 Governments should protect and serve their citizensnot terrorize and subjugate them for profit. Michelle Cooper Bloom The purpose element focuses on the perpetrators goal to secure labor or services. IMET funding for Cameroon increases the professionalization of the military through professional military education (PME) training in the United States. The number of prosecutions of both state and armed group actors for human rights violations and abuses, including unlawful recruitment and use of children, is at an all-time high, as are the number of separations of children from armed groups. For instance, advocates, survivors, and other experts have found that ingrained racial biases and stereotypes, which were created as a way to dehumanize certain racial communities to justify their exploitation and exclusion, hinder progress in anti-trafficking efforts because they lead to racially disparate assumptions about who is a trafficker and who should have access to victim protection and services. 2370c-2(c) and (d)) (CSPA). She has diligently worked with community members, law enforcement and government officials, and other NGOs to ensure the country is proactively identifying victims and referring them to care. Bulgaria Trafficking in persons, human trafficking, and modern slavery are umbrella termsoften used interchangeablyto refer to a crime whereby traffickers exploit and profit at the expense of adults or children by compelling them to perform labor or engage in commercial sex. The kafala systems rules and limitations enable abusive employers to use unscrupulous employment practices that can constitute forced labor; including excessive work hours; retention of passports and travel documents by the employer; non-payment of wages; and physical, psychological, and sexual abuse or threats of abuse.

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